House Shanti Dome («Shanti Sphere"), located in the Crimea - a unique object for Ukraine.
Built to the dome technology. House energoekonomichen, durable, due to its shape allows the use of a minimum of building materials to get the most useful area. Shanti Dome - single-family house for a family of six. Young creative family decided on a bold move - to build a house for permanent residence unconventional shape. Unusual structure is functional and practical. On the ground floor is a large living room with a second light, open kitchen, breakfast bar, guest bedroom, bathroom. In the center of the house - the fireplace. In the basement under the living room to equip a wine cellar, tasting room and a room for industrial use, which is a semi-circular staircase. The space under the stairs to the second floor is used as a dressing room in the guest bedroom. Owners with children live on the second floor in their possession a small bathroom for two rooms with bath.
From the living room large glazed doors leading to the terrace. They not only offer panoramic views of the beautiful foothills of the Crimea, but also visually connect with the whole space of the house site. Over the balcony on the west side is a shed where you can escape from the sun in the afternoon. Under the balcony is the second basement, much of which is occupied tank capacity of 600 liters with a reserve supply of water, and the system software.
The house is situated in a very sunny area (the number of sunny days per year - 250-280). Accordingly, the designers were challenged as to minimize thermal effects, while maintaining sufficient insolation rooms. As a result, the house is oriented North - South. Entrance from the south - east, on the opposite north - large glass, made with the sun exposure so that the afternoon sun does not heat the house. The sun peeks into the living room in the early morning and is closer to 10 hours leaving it, coming back to the room in the evening. Moving on, the sun looks alternately in one and the other bedrooms, oriented to the south.
Dome Technology
Home selected interesting technology domed structure. This premier facility in Crimea to Ukraine, while in the whole world, such buildings are erected over half a century. House is built on the principle of a sphere geodesic dome. The invention of the technology achievement American architect and engineer Richard Buckminster
Fuller. Analyzing the traditional rectangular and square constructions, he came to the conclusion that they are based on internally unstable forms
and suggested the use of the geodesic dome, the view of the spatial structures - the hemisphere, the surface of which consists of wooden struts mounted
into triangles with a special coupling system. Spacers are on geodesic lines (the shortest line connecting the two points
on a curved surface). This type of dome allows you to cover a large space with minimal materials. Its construction requires 60% less building materials than building a traditional house with a box shape and the same area of the enclosing surface.
One of the main factors that reduce energy consumption in the dome, is its shape. By eliminating angles, we get rid of 30% of the wall area, adding to the same floor space. This in turn reduces the heat loss through the walls and the roof on the same 30%. Fuller's geodesic dome example can serve as built half a century ago, civilian objects, for example, show
Pavilion Tropical Botanical Garden in St. Louis (1958), Fair in Sokolniki Park in Moscow (1959), the exhibition center "Expo 67" in Montreal, and others, and many private houses built on this technology around the world.
The main component of the dome technology - connecting system. For the Ukrainian facility was used to develop the American company NATURAL SPACES DOMES system Super-Lok ™. Its use allows to make a solid frame that can withstand winds of up to 100 m, and significant structural loads. In particular, the framework of the dome redistribute all the burden on the roof, right at the base of the dome - the lower, the higher the load. That is, the lower part of the dome must withstand a pressure of about 3000 kg in each of the connection points with the ground. Interconnection System Super-Lok ™, according to developers, is able to support the weight of more than 7500 kg.
Laying the foundation
The foundation for this house was designed with a nine Crimean seismic zone and unstable soils. Was chosen for the base band foundation to the depth of the 70 cm below the level of relief. Vertical drop at the construction site was 2.5 m This feature decided to beat. As a result, the building received a basement height of 180 cm at the base and the construction of a retaining wall on the geology of the unstable slope, which is also well
the basis for the balcony, it took about 90 m3 of concrete.
Assembling frame
After the foundation of the design strength gained, laid around the perimeter of the waterproof roofing material. Then made of the waist of the LVL
(Laminated veneer lumber, obtained by gluing sheets of unidirectional rotary cut veneer softwood). And started assembling the frame. The main components of the framework of the geodesic dome - "edge", a hub (hub) and konnektary (sleeves). As an "edge" was used LVL. Blanks were cut according to the project, and then put them under a certain angle with a special system of Super-Lok ™, consisting of the hub (the central part of the "Castle") and konnektarov. Reins of the assembly as follows: the "edge" with four galvanized screws attached connector, then it missed the ledge into the groove and established hub zinc coating check in place, securely sealing the parts together. For the object used about 5 m3 of LVL.
Filling walls and roof
Frame dome sheathed plywood WBP - following from the bottom to the top.
From inside the laid insulation material - basalt wool, placed on top of vapor barrier membrane. As a finishing top in decorative paneling ash siding. On the outside of the house on top
plywood laid a solid water-proof blanket, and then of roofing shingles. When installing tile material cut into triangular piece and laid first triangle tip up then - triangles,
at the top of the base, covering the lower triangle by 127 mm, and in order to ensure a proper connection and a good seal. As a translucent triangular elements installed PVC windows with single-chamber glazing and skylights.
Installing the floor
Interfloor floor of the house has an independent structure that is not linked with the walls of the dome it rests. Directly on the ground floor slab steel supports were installed, which supports for the ceiling (to reinforce the foundation was the place for mounting racks). Installed rack related. Needless floors are made of wooden beams.
Heating and ventilation
To provide natural ventilation in the house was built ventilation dome - a specially organized a hole in the roof, through which air can freely circulate. In the basement, installed recovery system with heat exchanger. Heating and hot water provided by the boiler
Solid fuel and located next to the house of solar collectors. In the house there are water floors and connected them to the capacity of the coolant (anti-freeze).
Full article in PDF (950 kb)
Magazine: "Landscape. Design "in 2012.
Prepared by: Marina Rogalskaya
Built to the dome technology. House energoekonomichen, durable, due to its shape allows the use of a minimum of building materials to get the most useful area. Shanti Dome - single-family house for a family of six. Young creative family decided on a bold move - to build a house for permanent residence unconventional shape. Unusual structure is functional and practical. On the ground floor is a large living room with a second light, open kitchen, breakfast bar, guest bedroom, bathroom. In the center of the house - the fireplace. In the basement under the living room to equip a wine cellar, tasting room and a room for industrial use, which is a semi-circular staircase. The space under the stairs to the second floor is used as a dressing room in the guest bedroom. Owners with children live on the second floor in their possession a small bathroom for two rooms with bath.
From the living room large glazed doors leading to the terrace. They not only offer panoramic views of the beautiful foothills of the Crimea, but also visually connect with the whole space of the house site. Over the balcony on the west side is a shed where you can escape from the sun in the afternoon. Under the balcony is the second basement, much of which is occupied tank capacity of 600 liters with a reserve supply of water, and the system software.
The house is situated in a very sunny area (the number of sunny days per year - 250-280). Accordingly, the designers were challenged as to minimize thermal effects, while maintaining sufficient insolation rooms. As a result, the house is oriented North - South. Entrance from the south - east, on the opposite north - large glass, made with the sun exposure so that the afternoon sun does not heat the house. The sun peeks into the living room in the early morning and is closer to 10 hours leaving it, coming back to the room in the evening. Moving on, the sun looks alternately in one and the other bedrooms, oriented to the south.
Dome Technology
Home selected interesting technology domed structure. This premier facility in Crimea to Ukraine, while in the whole world, such buildings are erected over half a century. House is built on the principle of a sphere geodesic dome. The invention of the technology achievement American architect and engineer Richard Buckminster
Fuller. Analyzing the traditional rectangular and square constructions, he came to the conclusion that they are based on internally unstable forms
and suggested the use of the geodesic dome, the view of the spatial structures - the hemisphere, the surface of which consists of wooden struts mounted
into triangles with a special coupling system. Spacers are on geodesic lines (the shortest line connecting the two points
on a curved surface). This type of dome allows you to cover a large space with minimal materials. Its construction requires 60% less building materials than building a traditional house with a box shape and the same area of the enclosing surface.
One of the main factors that reduce energy consumption in the dome, is its shape. By eliminating angles, we get rid of 30% of the wall area, adding to the same floor space. This in turn reduces the heat loss through the walls and the roof on the same 30%. Fuller's geodesic dome example can serve as built half a century ago, civilian objects, for example, show
Pavilion Tropical Botanical Garden in St. Louis (1958), Fair in Sokolniki Park in Moscow (1959), the exhibition center "Expo 67" in Montreal, and others, and many private houses built on this technology around the world.
The main component of the dome technology - connecting system. For the Ukrainian facility was used to develop the American company NATURAL SPACES DOMES system Super-Lok ™. Its use allows to make a solid frame that can withstand winds of up to 100 m, and significant structural loads. In particular, the framework of the dome redistribute all the burden on the roof, right at the base of the dome - the lower, the higher the load. That is, the lower part of the dome must withstand a pressure of about 3000 kg in each of the connection points with the ground. Interconnection System Super-Lok ™, according to developers, is able to support the weight of more than 7500 kg.
Laying the foundation
The foundation for this house was designed with a nine Crimean seismic zone and unstable soils. Was chosen for the base band foundation to the depth of the 70 cm below the level of relief. Vertical drop at the construction site was 2.5 m This feature decided to beat. As a result, the building received a basement height of 180 cm at the base and the construction of a retaining wall on the geology of the unstable slope, which is also well
the basis for the balcony, it took about 90 m3 of concrete.
Assembling frame
After the foundation of the design strength gained, laid around the perimeter of the waterproof roofing material. Then made of the waist of the LVL
(Laminated veneer lumber, obtained by gluing sheets of unidirectional rotary cut veneer softwood). And started assembling the frame. The main components of the framework of the geodesic dome - "edge", a hub (hub) and konnektary (sleeves). As an "edge" was used LVL. Blanks were cut according to the project, and then put them under a certain angle with a special system of Super-Lok ™, consisting of the hub (the central part of the "Castle") and konnektarov. Reins of the assembly as follows: the "edge" with four galvanized screws attached connector, then it missed the ledge into the groove and established hub zinc coating check in place, securely sealing the parts together. For the object used about 5 m3 of LVL.
Filling walls and roof
Frame dome sheathed plywood WBP - following from the bottom to the top.
From inside the laid insulation material - basalt wool, placed on top of vapor barrier membrane. As a finishing top in decorative paneling ash siding. On the outside of the house on top
plywood laid a solid water-proof blanket, and then of roofing shingles. When installing tile material cut into triangular piece and laid first triangle tip up then - triangles,
at the top of the base, covering the lower triangle by 127 mm, and in order to ensure a proper connection and a good seal. As a translucent triangular elements installed PVC windows with single-chamber glazing and skylights.
Installing the floor
Interfloor floor of the house has an independent structure that is not linked with the walls of the dome it rests. Directly on the ground floor slab steel supports were installed, which supports for the ceiling (to reinforce the foundation was the place for mounting racks). Installed rack related. Needless floors are made of wooden beams.
Heating and ventilation
To provide natural ventilation in the house was built ventilation dome - a specially organized a hole in the roof, through which air can freely circulate. In the basement, installed recovery system with heat exchanger. Heating and hot water provided by the boiler
Solid fuel and located next to the house of solar collectors. In the house there are water floors and connected them to the capacity of the coolant (anti-freeze).
Full article in PDF (950 kb)
Magazine: "Landscape. Design "in 2012.
Prepared by: Marina Rogalskaya